Benching Stigma: Mental Health Leaves of Absence in the National Basketball Association

Abstract

In recent years, professional sports organizations such as the National Basketball Association (“NBA”) have increasingly recognized the importance of mental health in athlete well-being, prompting legal and contractual reforms. This article investigates contractual and legal frameworks governing mental health-related leaves of absence for athletes in the NBA, focusing on the evolution of these frameworks from the 2017 to 2023 collective bargaining agreements (“CBAs”). By analyzing the high-profile dispute between Ben Simmons and the Philadelphia 76ers, this article identifies potential ambiguities in the 2017 CBA pertaining to athlete mental health disclosures and illustrates how recent modifications in the 2023 CBA address procedural gaps by mandating more timely and transparent communication between players and their teams.

This article’s examination of the updated CBA reframes mental health considerations within professional athletic contracts, situating these developments within broader trends in athlete advocacy and organizational accountability. Furthermore, this article assesses the practical application of these new protocols by analyzing a recent NBA athlete mental health leave that exemplifies a cooperative approach between player and team. This article concludes by recommending the integration of a dedicated place for mental health policies in the next CBA to clarify procedures, reduce disputes, and enhance support for athlete well-being. This legal analysis contributes to ongoing discussions on balancing player privacy rights with organizational needs in sports, emphasizing the increased significance of mental health considerations in the NBA’s governing framework.